I'll answer question # 1 for yah. In the AD&D rules there are steps between 18 and 19 strength. Only fighters can reach these levels of strength naturally.18/01-18/25 is the first step, 18/26-18/50, 18/51-18/75, 18/76-18/90, 18/91-18/99 and finally 18/00. the number after the slash is a percentile (1-100). when your strength is set to 18 in the character creation, if your a fight a random percent is added. the higher the step, the more damage you do. 18/00 is coveted as the highest strength a non-halforc fighter can roll naturally. Strength spells move your ability up through these steps before continuing on to 19 and above.
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