Don't forget the Golan Heights.
And, in 67 Israel made a radical and daring move. Fearing invasion from all sides, led by Egypt, it preemptively struck, occupying huge amounts of the peninsula. When it pulled back, it retained the three areas of occupation.
From the late 60's point-of-view, I'm not so sure how I feel about it. Do you get to keep occupied land? I guess it depends on the state of international law at the time. I mean, what's Texas?
But all that is in the far past from the modern perspective of the region. At this point, there is little argument in the world that Israel should leave the occupied territories.