Good question Sir Tainly !
In French we theorically have the word 'docteur' for a man and 'doctoresse' for a woman, but usually the word 'doctor' serves for both.
Besides, 'docteur' means both a medecine doctor, and a person who has graduated to a doctorate (for example, my father is a 'docteur ès sciences'). You can use 'doctoresse' for a woman in the former case (medecine) but not the latter (diploma).
Thus we have 'Madame le Docteur', 'Madame le Juge', ...
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The world is my oyster !
And now I have the knives to open it ...